CCBASIC - C64 type BASIC in ComputerCraft! - ComputerCraft Forums (archive)

LeDark Lua #1

599 posts

Location LeLua

Posted 04 December 2017 - 09:09 PM

ComputerCraft BASIC

What is BASIC?

BASIC( Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code ) is an interpreted programming language created in 1964 and was widely used in mid-1970s. For more information click on BASIC link above.

What kind of BASIC I am emulating?

Well I am emulating Commodore 64's BASIC

From where did I get the Idea to create one?

Well check this post then!

Okay Let's get started!

Typical BASIC Functions and Keywords

So to see all C64 functions, see this website: link.

Not implemented functions:

FRE
JOY
USR
VAL
PEEK
PEN
POS
POT

New Implemented Functions

BTN
CLEAR
COLOR
CURSOR
WRITE
STOREN
HEX
HIRES
LORES
PIXEL
SPRITE
REBOOT
SHUTDOWN
LABEL
FOPEN
FREAD
FREADLN
FWRITE
FWRITELN
FCLOSE
FEXISTS
FLIST
FRDONLY
FDEL
FISDIR
FLOAD
FCONEXT
FCOPREV
EXIT
DISPOSE
CREATETIMER
SETTIMER
GETTIMER
NETCREATE
NETOPEN
NETMYIP
NETRECEIVE
NETSEND
NETCLEARBUFFER
NETTYPE
NETMESSAGE
NETGETTYPE
NETGETMESSAGE
NETGETID
NETGETIP
NETCLOSE

BASIC Keywords:

LET –assigns a value (which may be the result of an expression) to a variable.
DATA –holds a list of values which are assigned sequentially using the WRITE command.
IF … THEN –used to perform comparisons or make decisions.
FOR .. TO … {STEP} … NEXT –repeat a section of code a given number of times. A variable that acts as a counter is available within the loop.
GOTO –jumps to a numbered or labelled line in the program.
GOSUB –jumps to a numbered or labelled line, executes the code it finds there until it reaches a RETURN keyword.
PRINT –displays a message on the screen.
INPUT –asks the user to enter the value.
STORE –store a value to a defined data array.
READ –read from the defined data array.
RETURN –return from a subroutine.
DEF –makes a lambda function

Stock BASIC function descriptions

GOTO( number/label position )

jumps to a numbered or labelled line in the program

GOSUB( number/label position )

jumps to a numbered or labelled line, executes the code it finds there until it reaches a RETURN keyword

PRINT( string message, … )

displays a message on the screen

INPUT( string message )

asks the user to enter the value

STORE( array array, number/string index, any value )

write to a defined data array

STOREN( array data, any value )

store a number to a growing array

READ( array array, number/string index )

read from the defined data array
returns a value at that index in that array

RETURN

return from a subroutine

DEF COMMAND

DEF name( vararg ) = expression

makes a lambda function
Example:


print func( 2 )

def func( x ) = x * x

Rem OUTPUTS 4


let y = 0
set 18
print y

def set( x ) = y = x

Rem OUTPUTS 18

Implemented variable descriptions

cycles

returns executed cycles per CCFrame

keystr

holds the current typed keyboard input!

Implemented function descriptions

BTN( number value )

returns (1) if a button is pressed or (0) if not pressed.
1 - arrow left
2 - arrow right
3 - arrow up
4 - arrow down
5 - Z
6 - X

CLEAR

clears the screen.

COLOR( number background, number foreground )

sets the current colors

CURSOR( number x, number y )

sets built-in terminal cursor position.

WRITE( string message )

prints a message on the screen, without the new line.

HEX( string hexadecimal_number )

converts hexadecimal to decimal value

HIRES

Switches from Low Resolution Mode ( char column graphics ) to High Resolution Mode ( char pixel graphics ).

LORES

Switches from High Resolution Mode ( char pixel graphics ) to Low Resolution Mode ( char column graphics ).

PIXEL( number x, number y {, string char } )

Puts a character on the screen in Low Resolution Mode ( char is optional ) or
Puts a pixel on the screen ( High Resolution Mode )

SPRITE( array data, number x, number y, number width, number height )

Displays the sprite on the screen at the given location

REBOOT

Reboots the system

SHUTDOWN

Shutdown the system

LABEL( string label )

Sets the computers name( label )

FOPEN( string filename, string type )

Opens a file return (1) if succeeded or (0) if failed

FREAD

Reads all of current opened file

FREADLN

Reads a line of current opened file returns (0) if end of file

FWRITE( string data )

Writes data to current opened file

FWRITELN( string data )

Writes a line of data to the current file

FCLOSE

Closes current opened file

FEXISTS( string filename )

Checks if the file is present on the computer, returns (1) if it is otherwise returns (0)

FLIST( string path )

Returns an array list of files and folders present in that path

FDEL( string filename )

Deletes the file specified from the computer

FISDIR( string path )

Returns (1) if the path is a directory or (0) if not

EXIT

Stops the program and exits to SHELL or BASIC Terminal

DISPOSE

Simple garbage collection

FLOAD( string filename )

Load a file to the program memory!
Compatible extensions: *.o | *.bas

CREATETIMER( number time )

Returns the ID of the timer

SETTIMER( number id, number time )

Sets the time to the current timer

GETTIMER( number id )

Gets current timers time

FCONEXT

Increments the file stack by one, next time you read or write it will write to a different file buffer!

FCOPREV

Decrements the file stack by one

NETCREATE( number autoCheck )

Creates a network object

NETOPEN( netObject )

Initializes and opens the network to work on

NETCLOSE( netObject )

Closes and frees the network

NETMYIP( netObject )

Returns your IP adress, use it only when you open the network

NETRECEIVE( netObject )

Receives any messages sent and stores to a buffer

NETGETID( net )

Returns senders ID

NETGETIP( net )

Returns senders IP

NETGETTYPE( net )

Returns senders Message Type

NETGETMESSAGE( net )

Returns senders Message

NETCLEARBUFFER

Clears the send buffer

NETTYPE( number/string type )

Stores the type of the message to send buffer

NETMESSAGE( number/string message )

Stores the message to the send buffer

NETSEND( netObject obj, string IPADRESS )

Sends a message to that IP adress( computer )

BASIC programs

Hello World

Prints Hello, world on the screen


10 print "Hello, world"
20 goto 10

Or


10 print "Hello, world" : goto 10

For Loop

This will step until reaches 10


10 for x = 1 to 10
20 print "I farted", x, "times!"
30 next

This will step 2 times because we add 5 to x every iteration.


10 for x = 0 to 10 step 5
20 print "I farted", x, "times!"
30 next

Input Program

Asks for your name and displays a message


10 let name = input( "What is your name?" )
20 print "Nice to meet you,", name

Rectangle Program

Draws a rectangle


10 for y = 1 to 9
20 for x = 1 to 21
30 pixel x, y, " "
40 next
50 next
60 goto 10

Sprite Program

Draws a sprite


05 rem VARIABLE DECLARATIONS
10 let back = hex( "f" )
20 let front = 0
30 let canClear = 1
35 hires
39 rem INIT SPRITE
40 gosub 100
49 rem DRAW SPRITE
50 if canClear = 0 then goto 80
60 color back, front
70 clear
75 canClear = 0
80 sprite spr, 5, 5, 8, 8
90 goto 50
99 rem SPRITE DATA
100 data spr
110 storen spr, back
111 storen spr, back
112 storen spr, front
113 storen spr, front
114 storen spr, front
115 storen spr, front
116 storen spr, back
117 storen spr, back
118 storen spr, back
119 storen spr, front
120 storen spr, front
121 storen spr, front
122 storen spr, front
123 storen spr, front
124 storen spr, front
125 storen spr, back
126 storen spr, front
127 storen spr, front
128 storen spr, back
129 storen spr, front
130 storen spr, front
131 storen spr, front
132 storen spr, front
133 storen spr, front
134 storen spr, front
135 storen spr, front
136 storen spr, front
137 storen spr, front
138 storen spr, front
139 storen spr, front
140 storen spr, front
141 storen spr, front
142 storen spr, front
143 storen spr, front
144 storen spr, front
145 storen spr, front
146 storen spr, back
147 storen spr, back
148 storen spr, back
159 storen spr, back
150 storen spr, front
151 storen spr, front
152 storen spr, front
153 storen spr, front
154 storen spr, front
155 storen spr, front
156 storen spr, front
157 storen spr, front
158 storen spr, back
159 storen spr, front
160 storen spr, front
161 storen spr, front
162 storen spr, front
163 storen spr, front
164 storen spr, front
165 storen spr, back
166 storen spr, back
167 storen spr, back
168 storen spr, front
169 storen spr, front
170 storen spr, front
171 storen spr, front
172 storen spr, back
173 storen spr, back
180 return

Guess game

A simple guess game


10 let y = rnd( 1, 10 )
20 let x
30 x = num( input( "Guess the number?" ) )
40 if x = y then goto 70
50 print "Wrong!"
60 goto 30
70 print "RIGHT!"
80 if input( "Want to play again?" ) = "y" then goto 10
90 print "BYE!"

Moving pixel

Moving a pixel


1 Rem VARIABLE DECLARATIONS
5 Let timer = createTimer()
10 Let x = 1
20 Let y = 1
21 Rem MAIN LOOP
30 Color 15, 0
40 Clear
41 Rem USERS INPUT
50 If Btn( 1 ) = 1 Then x = x - 1
60 If Btn( 2 ) = 1 Then x = x + 1
70 If Btn( 3 ) = 1 Then y = y - 1
80 If Btn( 4 ) = 1 Then y = y + 1
81 Rem DRAW THE PIXEL
90 Color 5, 0
100 Pixel x, y, " "
101 Rem SKIP SOME CYCLES
110 setTimer timer, cycles
120 If getTimer( timer ) <= 0 Then Goto 30
130 Goto 120

BASIC Loader

Make a new file and paste this:


Rem Made By: LeDark Lua
Rem NOTE: all programs that will run from
Rem this program share same Enviroment!

__Init:

Rem INITIALIZE HELPER VARIABLES

Let __currSelected = 1
Let __tempFiles
Data __files
Let __fileLen
Let __TempFn
Let __Timer = createTimer()
Let timer = createTimer()

__FetchFiles:

Rem FETCH AND STORE FILES

__tempFiles = FList( "/" )
For i=1 To Len( __tempFiles )
__TempFn = Read( __tempFiles, i )
If __TempFn = "loader.bas" Then Goto __SkipLoaderFile
If Right( __TempFn, 3 ) = "bas" Then Storen __files, __TempFn
If Right( __TempFn, 1 ) = "o" Then Storen __files, __TempFn
__SkipLoaderFile:
Next
__fileLen = Len( __files )

__MainLoop:

Rem MAIN PROGRAM LOOP

Cursor 1, 1
Clear
If Btn( 3 ) = 1 Then __currSelected = __currSelected - 1
If Btn( 4 ) = 1 Then __currSelected = __currSelected + 1
If __currSelected > __fileLen Then __currSelected = 1
If __currSelected < 1 Then __currSelected = __fileLen
For i = 1 To __fileLen
Color 15, 0
if __currSelected = i then Color 15, 5
Print Read( __files, i )
Next
If Btn( 5 ) = 1 then GoSub __RunSelected

setTimer __Timer, 250 - cycles

__Sleep:

Rem SLEEPER

if getTimer( __Timer ) <= 0 then goto __MainLoop
goto __Sleep

__RunSelected:

Rem RUNS A SELECTED PROGRAM!

Color 15, 0
Cursor 1, 1
Clear
GoSub FLoad( Read( __files, __currSelected ) )
Dispose
Return

subSleep:

Rem HELPER SUBROUTINE FOR PROGRAMS

If getTimer( timer ) <= 0 Then Return
Goto subSleep

Compatible files should look like this:



Rem Prints a hello world onto the screen, waits a bit and returns to the loader program!

Print "Hello, world!"

Rem Sleep a bit ( calls other programs subroutine )
timer = 1000
GoSub subSleep

Rem Return to the loader
Return

How to get and run BASIC

To download BASIC, type this:

pastebin get nsMdcH6L BASIC

To compile BASIC file:


BASIC c <in> <out> --compiles the file and spits out bytecode file

To run the compiled BASIC file:


BASIC r <in> --runs the compiled file

To run just the BASIC file:


BASIC <filename> --runs a file

To run a BASIC terminal:


BASIC --runs a terminal

Terminal commands

new

creates a new file

clear

clears the screen

load {path/}$

fetch all files and directories
to see then type list in the terminal

load (filename)

loads a file

save (filename)

saves a file

list {start, end}

list all contents of a file or list all loaded files and directories
or if you want just a block of code to be displayed use:
list 10 50
displays all code from line 10 to line 50

list bc

list compiled data of the contents typed in ( DEBUG only )

run

runs typed contents

exit

exits BASIC terminal

Some pictures of BASIC

There are BASIC terminal pictures

If you found a BUG or you have any suggestions or I left out something, post it here :)/>

Thanks in advance,
LeDark Lua

Edited on 07 January 2018 - 11:23 AM

SquidDev #2

SquidDev's profile picture

1426 posts

Location Does anyone put something serious here?

Posted 04 December 2017 - 09:44 PM

I'm stuck between "why would anyone want to recreate BASIC?" and "this is pretty impressive". Seriously though, good job!

LeDark Lua #3

599 posts

Location LeLua

Posted 04 December 2017 - 10:50 PM

SquidDev, on 04 December 2017 - 09:44 PM said:
I'm stuck between "why would anyone want to recreate BASIC?" and "this is pretty impressive". Seriously though, good job!

Much Thanks! Well I got the idea from that post where a guy asked for BASIC to be implemented in ComputerCraft, and in my opinion, it gives more of a retro feel, Dan wants to emulate that retro(ness) but Lua is a bit modern, so I used what suited the best, to give that full RETRO feeling.

OffTopic:
If you think that making an interpreted language in an interpreted language is bad, then think of this way, Lua is machine code and BASIC is just a program for the machine, like 6502 processor has the machine code and BASIC is a program for that CPU.

Edited on 04 December 2017 - 10:31 PM

Lupus590 #4

Lupus590's profile picture

2427 posts

Location UK

Posted 05 December 2017 - 09:18 PM

LeDark Lua, on 04 December 2017 - 10:50 PM said:
If you think that making an interpreted language in an interpreted language is bad

*cough* Lua in Java *cough* (not quite the same but vm in a vm thing)

Edited on 05 December 2017 - 08:19 PM

LeDark Lua #5

599 posts

Location LeLua

Posted 05 December 2017 - 09:25 PM

Lupus590, on 05 December 2017 - 09:18 PM said:
LeDark Lua, on 04 December 2017 - 10:50 PM said:
If you think that making an interpreted language in an interpreted language is bad

*cough* Lua in Java *cough* (not quite the same but vm in a vm thing)

True :lol:/>

Exerro #6

Exerro's profile picture

797 posts

Posted 05 December 2017 - 09:30 PM

I got excited and made a 'decompiler' that shows the bytecode of a compiled program. It's quite interesting to see how things compile (and how they can be optimised!)

Download
pastebin get sqsPm71U decompiler

Example

Spoiler


10 for y = 1 to 9
20 for x = 1 to 21
30 pixel x, y, " "
40 next
50 next
60 goto 10


vardef "y"
push 1
varset "y"
vardef "x"
push 1
varset "x"
varget "x"
varget "y"
push " "
args 3
call "pixel"
varget "x"
push 1
add
dup
varset "x"
push 21
compare 2
condjmp 0 13
varfree "x"
varget "y"
push 1
add
dup
varset "y"
push 9
compare 2
condjmp 0 7
varfree "y"
jump 1
halt

SquidDev #7

SquidDev's profile picture

1426 posts

Location Does anyone put something serious here?

Posted 05 December 2017 - 09:39 PM

Lupus590, on 05 December 2017 - 09:18 PM said:
*cough* Lua in Java *cough* (not quite the same but vm in a vm thing)

Depending on your JVM, it's quite likely that the Lua VM will be interpreted before JITing occurs.

That being said, I wonder how hard it'd be to compile BASIC/the bytecode to Lua instead - this way you shave one level of this interpreter stack and so make things much faster.

Edited on 05 December 2017 - 08:39 PM

Exerro #8

Exerro's profile picture

797 posts

Posted 05 December 2017 - 09:49 PM

SquidDev, on 05 December 2017 - 09:39 PM said:
That being said, I wonder how hard it'd be to compile BASIC/the bytecode to Lua instead - this way you shave one level of this interpreter stack and so make things much faster.

Heh, this is what I was going for with the decompiler. I was just gonna use that to analyse the bytecode then make an actual compiler to Lua source.

LeDark Lua #9

599 posts

Location LeLua

Posted 05 December 2017 - 10:11 PM

Exerro, on 05 December 2017 - 09:30 PM said:
I got excited and made a 'decompiler' that shows the bytecode of a compiled program. It's quite interesting to see how things compile (and how they can be optimised!)

Download
pastebin get sqsPm71U decompiler

Example
Spoiler
10 for y = 1 to 9
20 for x = 1 to 21
30 pixel x, y, " "
40 next
50 next
60 goto 10
vardef "y"
push 1
varset "y"
vardef "x"
push 1
varset "x"
varget "x"
varget "y"
push " "
args 3
call "pixel"
varget "x"
push 1
add
dup
varset "x"
push 21
compare 2
condjmp 0 13
varfree "x"
varget "y"
push 1
add
dup
varset "y"
push 9
compare 2
condjmp 0 7
varfree "y"
jump 1
halt

Yeah I know, I need to work now on optimizing the compiled bytecode, working on some solutions, but for now I just wanted to push out a stable version :P/>
And I got excited when I saw that you are excited, glad to see that people are interested in this :D/>

LeDark Lua #10

599 posts

Location LeLua

Posted 05 December 2017 - 10:16 PM

SquidDev, on 05 December 2017 - 09:39 PM said:
That being said, I wonder how hard it'd be to compile BASIC/the bytecode to Lua instead - this way you shave one level of this interpreter stack and so make things much faster.

Not that hard really, simple and easy, but you would need to work around jumps ( wrap the compiled line in a function maybe? )

LeDark Lua #11

599 posts

Location LeLua

Posted 08 December 2017 - 07:31 PM

***UPDATE***

Added:

Basic optimization
Fixed some bugs

How optimization works:

Spoiler


10 print 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9

Originally compiles to:


push 1
push 2
push 3
push 4
push 5
push 6
push 7
push 8
push 9
add
add
add
add
add
add
add
add
args 1
call "print"
halt

But with optimization it compiles to:


push 45
args 1
call "print"
halt

NOTE: This is just basic Pre-Processed binary operations, more optimization will be added soon!

To download the new version, use the old link!

Edited on 08 December 2017 - 06:33 PM

Exerro #12

Exerro's profile picture

797 posts

Posted 08 December 2017 - 11:32 PM

Looks like I broke the optimiser:


print 1 + 2 - 3 + 4 - 5 + 6 - 7 + 8 - 9

Turns out this also breaks it:


print 2 - 1

By break I mean an infinite loop somewhere - it just freezes until the computer shuts off. Note I'm using ccemux but I doubt that would affect anything.

Tested with the older version too and it didn't break then.

Edit: quick fix:

Spoiler


v.type = "num"
v.value = l - r

Edited on 08 December 2017 - 10:36 PM

LeDark Lua #13

599 posts

Location LeLua

Posted 08 December 2017 - 11:54 PM

Oh thanks! Fixed it, and fixed some other bugs that may cause an infinite loop, now should be fine and dandy!

LeDark Lua #14

599 posts

Location LeLua

Posted 10 December 2017 - 12:57 PM

***UPDATE***

Added:

New function: SPRITE, COLOR, STOREN
Improved LIST command in terminal, now you can display blocks of code
Added a new program to tinker around
Fixed some minor bugs

To download the new version, use the old link!

Edited on 22 December 2017 - 05:35 PM

LeDark Lua #15

599 posts

Location LeLua

Posted 22 December 2017 - 06:24 PM

***UPDATE***

Added:

Interpreters speed is increased!
Variables: cycles, timer
Variables are case sensitive but Keywords and Functions are not
Another program to check out: Moving Pixel ( uses new features )
Fixed some bugs!

To download the new version, use the old link!

Edited on 22 December 2017 - 06:22 PM

LeDark Lua #16

599 posts

Location LeLua

Posted 26 December 2017 - 01:19 PM

***UPDATE***

Added:

New functions: FLOAD, EXIT, DISPOSE
Added a new program: BASIC Loader ( uses new features )
A bit of bug fixes

OPCODE CHANGE:

GOSUB opcode no longer accepts an argument, instead it pops a value from the stack!

Compiler CHANGE:

Labels define as variables, so your programs may be larger if you have a lot of labels! But that will not impact the performance of your program!
Fixed binary operations a bit, added precedence over other operations.

NOTE:

Older COMPILED programs that use GoSub command are not compatible with the new version, text based programs are fine! Just recompile your code!

To download the new version, use the old link!

Edited on 26 December 2017 - 05:25 PM

LeDark Lua #17

599 posts

Location LeLua

Posted 31 December 2017 - 09:00 AM

***UPDATE***

Added:

Added lambda function as DEF ( check OP )
Added more optimization!
New opcode: EXPECT
Fixed a lot of bugs!

NOTE:

Older COMPILED programs that use EXPECT opcode are not compatible with the new version, text based programs are fine! Just recompile your code!

To download the new version, use the old link!

Edited on 31 December 2017 - 08:01 AM

LeDark Lua #18

599 posts

Location LeLua

Posted 07 January 2018 - 09:20 AM

***BIG UPDATE***

Added:

Added NETWORKING! And some new functions. Check the OP.
Changed timer functionality a bit, check the OP.
Fixed and/or bugs, always evaluating 1, now they're working properly
Fixed optimize bugs and errors
Fixed parsing a bit
And fixed some minor bugs.

To download the new version, use the old link!

Edited on 07 January 2018 - 08:21 AM